EEK! Essential Episcopal Knowledge 401-500
401-What is moral reasoning called when principles of right and wrong are applied to an actual situation?
A: Casuistry
402-What were the underground tombs of early Christians called which also had some early Christian art?
A: Catacombs
403-What is the official church name for instruction given for baptism and confirmation?
A: Catechesis
404-What is a person called who is preparing for baptism or confirmation?
A: Catechumen or Confirmand
405-What does "cathedra" refer to?
A: It is the chair or throne of a bishop in the main church of a bishop called a cathedral
406-What does it mean when the Pope speaks "ex cathedra" or "from the chair?"
A: It means he is making a formal or official pronouncement on a matter of Roman Catholic faith and practice which the Roman Catholic Church regards to be infallible.
407-What does the word catholic mean?
A: It means general or universal from a Greek word, "katholikos"
408-What are the Catholic Epistles in the New Testament?
A: They are the letters written to a general audience and not to a specific location such as the letters of Paul which were written to the churches in certain locations. James, 1 and 2 Peter and Jude are Catholic Epistles
409-Who is the patron saint of Church music?
A: St. Cecilia, an early martyr of the church
410-What is the practice and calling of celibacy?
A: Celibacy is living an unmarried life as a priest or member of a religious order. A person takes a vow of chastity in order to be devoted to prayer and ministries of the church. The Roman Catholic church has mandatory celibacy for priests and members of religious orders.
411-In the liturgy of the church what does ceremonial mean?
A: It means the actions which accompany the words of the liturgy.
412-What is the formal name for the cup used at Communion?
A: Chalice
413-What is the covering placed upon the chalice at the altar called?
A: The Veil or Chalice Veil
414-In some older churches what is the area in front of the altar called?
A: The Chancel; it was the place where the choir and servers would be seated. Chancel also might be called the "sanctuary."
415-What is the legal representative of a bishop and diocese called?
A: A Chancellor
416-What is a worship space called at a hospital or at a school, college or university?
A: Chapel; chapel is often used to designate a second and smaller worship place on a church campus
417-Why are certain persons in various churches called charismatics?
A: "charismata" comes from the Greek meaning a gift of grace, and it has come to be used to designate Christians who exercise certain ecstatic gifts of the Spirit such as speaking in an unknown tongue. Charismatics are also called Pentecostals, after the feast of Pentecost when the apostles spoke in other tongues.
418-Who was Charlemagne?
A: Charles the Great who was the first Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, from the year 800
419-Why is the King Charles I important in Anglican history?
A: In the identity of Anglicanism as both Protestant and Catholic, King Charles encouraged more influence from Anglican Roman Catholic heritage. An English Civil War ensued and he was beheaded in 1649 for defending the church. He is regarded to be a martyr for his death defending the church.
420-What is the outer most garment worn by the priest or bishop who celebrates the Eucharist?
A: Chasuble, it derived from an out door cloak worn by both men and women in the late Greco-Roman world. It is shaped something like what we call a "pancho" today.
421-What is a cherubim?
A: It is the highest of the nine orders of angels.
422-What is a choir?
A: It is a group of singer. It is the place in the church where the singer sit, often the same area called the chancel.
423-What is the oil used at baptism and confirmation called?
A: Chrism, and it is a mixture of olive and balsam and is blessed by a bishop during Holy Week and distributed to the clergy of the diocese.
424-What does the word "Christ" mean?
A: It is the Greek translation of the Hebrew word for Messiah. Christos, and it means Anointed one.
425-What day is the Feast of Christ the King?
A: It occurs on the last Sunday of the season of Pentecost, the Sunday before the First Sunday of Advent
426-What is Christmas?
A: It means Christ Mass, and it is the feast for celebrating the birth of Christ
427-What is the study of the nature of Jesus Christ called?
A: Christology
428-Why do persons wear St. Christopher medals?
A: St. Christopher was a legendary saint who is associated with safety in travel and who supposedly carried the Christ Child safely across a river.
429-What are the Books of Chronicles?
A: They are books in the Hebrew Scriptures which record the history of the people of Israel, through the divided kingdom and the return from the exile with Cyrus the Great of Persia.
430-Who was St. John Chrysostom?
A: He was a famous bishop, preacher and theologian who was Bishop of Constantinople in the fourth and early fifth century. A prayer of John Chrysostom is included in Morning Prayer of the Book of Common Prayer.
431-What does "church" mean and where did the word come from?
A: It is the English word which translates the Greek word, "ekklesia" which meant a gathering or congregation or a political ward. Church refers to the gathering of Christians and also to the buildings used for the Christian gatherings.
432-What is the Church of England?
A: In ancient times, it could refer to the early Christians in the United Kingdom. Now it refers to the Church in England headed by the Archbishop of Canterbury. It sometimes is called in short hand, the C of E. If an Episcopalian is in England, he or she would be able to receive communion in the C of E.
433-What is the vessel used to contain the special bread for communion?
A: Ciborium
434-What is the religious significance of circumcision?
A: It is a requirement for Jewish males which derives from the story of Abraham. Jewish boys or male converts to Judaism undergo circumcision as a way of marking their religious identity. When the Christian message came to non-Jewish people, St. Paul and other Christian leaders did not require Gentile Christian males to become circumcised.
435-Who are the "Poor Clares?"
A: They are an order of nuns founded by St. Clare, who was influenced by the life of St. Francis of Assisi.
435-Who is Cleopas in the Gospel of Luke?
A: He was one of the travelers on the Road to Emmaus who experienced an appearance of the Risen Christ.
436-What is a cloister?
A: covered arcade or porch that are located along a church building or the other buildings of a church or monastery campus.
436-What is a Coadjutor-Bishop?
A- A bishop who is elected to become the successor of a bishop when the bishop retires.
437-What is a Collect in the liturgy?
A: A Collect is a special prayer which takes into account the occasion of the prayer and also the special subject matter and intention expressed in the prayer.
438-What does receiving communion in or under both kinds mean?
A: It means receiving both the bread and the wine at Communion. In some churches, members only receive the communion bread.
439-What is a conclave?
A: It is when the Cardinals are isolated in a gathering to elect a new pope.
440-What is a biblical concordance?
A: It is a book which lists all of the words of the Bible in alphabetical order and gives the biblical reference for each word.
441-What does the seal of Confession mean?
A: It means a priest who hears a confession cannot under any circumstances reveal the content of a confession.
442-What is a confessor?
A: A priest who hears private confessions.
443-What does Congregationalism mean?
A: It is a form of church governance when a local church gathering has independent authority for its own governance. The Episcopal Church has bishops and we call our form of governance episcopal, and we are not "congregational" even though each parish is called a congregation or gathering.
445-What is the meaning of conscience?
A: Conscience is the inner knowledge of what is right and wrong.
446-What is the meaning of consecration?
A: Consecration means setting apart of something or someone in an act of dedication to God. A person is consecrated for ministry in the church. Bread and wine are consecrated for Holy Communion.
447-What is the Prayer of Consecration?
A: It is part of the Eucharistic Prayer after the "Holy, Holy, Holy" and ends with the Great Amen before saying the Lord's Prayer.
448-Why was Constantine the Great important in Christian history?
A: He was a Roman Emperor who recognized that Christianity was growing in the Roman Empire and he chose to unite the Christian religion with the Roman State. He called the first Church Council of Nicaea, a gathering of bishops from around the world. They met to standardize the beliefs and practices of the Christian faith. The Nicene Creed derived from the Council of Nicaea.
449-What is the importance of Constantinople?
A: It was the capital city for the Emperor Constantine when the Roman Empire was centered in the East. It is the modern city of Istanbul in Turkey.
450-What is a Church Council?
A: The Church Councils were the gatherings of bishops from the church around the Roman Empire to vote on the creed, doctrines, and practices of the church. Famous Councils took place in Nicaea and Constantinople (3 councils).
450-What does the word consubstantial mean?
A: It is used to speak about the equal relationship between members of the Trinity, and was used at the council of Nicaea.
451-What does consubstantiation mean when speaking about the consecrated bread and wine at the Eucharist?
A: It means that the bread and wine is both bread and wine and the body and blood of Christ at the same time, just as a piece of iron heated in fire is both iron and fire at the same time. This was the understanding of the Eucharist by Martin Luther.
452-What is the meaning of contemplation?
A: It is a type of silent prayer different from meditation in that words are not used as one's attention is focused upon God.
453-What is the Contemplative life and what is a contemplative?
A: It is a life devoted to prayer, often the life of people who enter the religious life of a monastery or convent. A contemplative is a monk or nun or some person who devotes their lives to a special life of prayer.
454-What is a convent?
A: It refers to the residence and campus of women in religious life called sisters or nuns.
455-What is the Feast Day for St. Paul called and when is it?
A: It is called the Feast of the Conversion of St. Paul and is observed on January 23rd.
456-What is the vestment called a cope used for?
A: It is an outer cloak used for service when a celebrant is not wearing Eucharistic vestments. It sometimes is worn as a cape over the chasuble except during the Eucharistic prayer.
457-How did Nicolas Copernicus change Christian theology?
A: he was the father of modern astronomy and found that the sun and not the earth was the center of our solar system.
458-What does Coptic mean in Christianity?
A: Coptic are the ancient Christians of Egypt who spoke the Coptic language. Many Christian documents were written and translated into Coptic and have been preserved. The Coptic Church is a continuing Church in Egypt where their pope resides.
459-What is the importance of the city of Corinth for Christianity?
A: It was an important Roman city where St. Paul founded a church. He wrote two letters to the Christians in Corinth, First and Second Corinthians. These letters are part of the New Testament in the Christian Bible.
460-What does the word corporal mean in the church?
A: It comes from the Latin, "corpus" meaning body. It is the square linen cloth/napkin on which the chalice and paten at Eucharist are placed on the altar.
461-What does "Corpus Christi" mean?
A: It means Body of Christ in Latin. A celebrant in administering communion says, "The body of Christ, the bread of heaven."
462-What is the cosmological argument for the existence of God?
A: It states that in a chain of causes there must be a First Cause and God is that First Cause.
463-What does cosmology mean in the Christian religion?
A: It means one's over all view of the world, for example, a flat earth with a domed sky is the what describes much of biblical cosmology.
464-What is a cotta?
A: It is a short white surplice or white garment worn over a cassock by acolytes, choir members and persons who serve at the altar.
465-What are the Counsels of Perfection?
A: They are the rule of life for members of monastic communities who take vows beyond the 10 Commandments, with vows of obedience, poverty and chastity. They obey their superiors, they do not own property and they do not get married.
466-What is the Counter-Reformation?
A: This was a reform movement within the Roman Catholic Church at about the same time as the Protestant Reformation and dealt with abuses in the church. The reforms of the Counter Reformation were defined in the Council of Trent in 1562-1563.
467-What is a covenant and how is the notion of covenant significant in biblical faith?
A: Covenant expresses a bond and relationship with God based upon understanding the requirements that God makes upon humanity and the vows of loyalty within the relationship between God and humanity. Covenant is another name for Testament as in Old Testament and New Testament.
468-Who was Thomas Cranmer and why is he important in Anglican history?
A: Thomas Cranmer was a priest who was selected by King Henry VIII to be Archbishop of Canterbury. He issued annulments for King Henry's marriages. He is responsible for editing and writing the First Book of Common Prayer. When Mary Tudor ascended the throne, he was arrested and eventually burned at the stake in 1556.
469-What does creation mean?
A: Creation is the belief that this universe in some way was brought into being by God. The creation story is found in the first chapters of the Book of Genesis.
470-What is a credence table?
A: A small table near the altar to hold the bread, wine, lavabo bowl and other accessories for Holy Eucharist.
471-What is a Creed?
A: A creed is a statement of Christian belief, a summary of the main points of Christian doctrine. The Episcopal Church uses the Apostles' Creed and the Nicene Creed.
472-What is the meaning of cremation?
A: Cremation is the respectful deposition of the body of a dead person by reducing it to ashes. At times some churches have forbidden the practice of cremation because of belief in the resurrection of the body. The Episcopal Church permits cremation as a mode of deposing a person's body after death.
473-Who is Oliver Cromwell and what is his significance in Anglican history?
A: He was a Member of Parliament who led a Civil War against the monarchy. He signed the death warrant for Charles I. He was made the Lord Protectorate and he significantly remodeled the Church of England along Puritan Lines.
474-What is a crosier?
A: It is a crook-shape staff carried by a bishop and a symbol of the bishop's role as chief shepherd.
475-What is a crucifix?
A: A crucifix is a cross which bears the image of the body of the crucified Jesus.
476-What is crucifixion?
A: This refers to a method of capital punishment practiced by the Romans. It was done as public spectacle to discourage any rebellion or insurrection against the Roman authorities.
477-What are cruets?
A: Cruets are vessels of glass or metal used to hold wine and water for the Eucharist.
478-What were the Crusades?
A: These were series of military adventures by Christians undertaken to recover the Holy Lands from the control of the Muslims. They took place at various times from the 11th through the 13th centuries. Those who carried out the Crusades often lost the original purpose. Crusade is used as a word today to speak of an expedition given blessing by church officials. Crusades were the Christian version of "holy wars" which is why it is an offensive term today for Muslims.
479-What is a Crypt?
A: It is a burial vault beneath a church.
480-What is the curia?
A: It is the papal court; those who function to carry out the tasks of the Vatican for the Roman Catholic Church.
481-What is a Customary?
A: It is a document which lists the local requirements, standards or preferences of a bishop or ecclesiastical body.
482-What is Cyrillic and how is it connected to a Saint of the Church?
A: Cyrillic is the alphabet of the Slavonic peoples of the Eastern Orthodox Church. It derived from St. Cyril who along with St. Methodius was an Apostles of the Slavic peoples.
483-What is a Dalmatic?
A: A dalmatic is a tunic of the color of the season or feast, which is worn by a deacon over the alb for the Eucharist.
484-What is the significance of the ancient city of Damascus?
A: It was the ancient capital of Syria. It was the place Saul of Tarsus was traveling to when he had his amazing conversion experience.
485-What was the prophet Daniel known for?
A: He could interpret dreams; he had visions about what was going to happen and he was thrown into a lion's den but he survived.
486-What was Dante known for?
A: He was an Italian poet who wrote an epic poem The Divine Comedy, tracing the journey of the soul through life and the afterlife.
487-What is the period of history called "The Dark Ages?"
A: It is the period beginning in the 5th century until the 11 century, the time of the decay of classical culture until the time of the Renaissance.
488-What is Darwinism?
A: It is another name for the theory of evolution which was put forward by Charles Darwin.
489-Who was the idealized model King for the notion of the Messiah?
A: King David
490-What is a deaconess?
A: Deaconesses were women in the early church who had specific ministries of service. In the Episcopal Church women can be ordained as deacons and the deaconess designation is obsolete.
491-Why did and do Christians say prayers for the Dead?
A: Because the belief in the resurrection means that there is still progression in faith made in the afterlife and just as we pray for the betterment of the living, we continue to do so after they die. Beliefs about a journey in the afterlife centered on what was called Purgatory or the progression of those who had not attained a more perfect relationship with God.
492-Where is the Dead Sea?
A: it is an inland sea to the South East of Palestine. It is the lowest lake below sea level and the River Jordan flows into it. It is not mentioned in the New Testament.
493-What are the Dead Sea Scrolls?
A: These are scrolls found in cave near the Dead Sea. They come from the century before Christ and were placed there by a religious community. The collection include the Books of the Old Testament, some commentaries on the Hebrew Scriptures and writings about the practices and beliefs of the religious community who placed them in the caves to preserve them. The scrolls were discovered from 1947-1956 and were written in Hebrew and Aramaic.
494-What is a Decade in the practice of prayer?
A: A decade is a group of ten bead on a Rosary.
495-What is the Jewish Feast of Dedication?
A: It began in 165 B.C.E. to commemorate the purification of the Temple. It was an eight day feast and is celebrated by lighting a lamp called a menorah. It is also called the Feast of Lights, or Hanukkah.
496-Who has the title "Fidei Defensor," what does it mean and who received it in the English church?
A: It means Defender of the Faith and it was given by Pope Leo X to Henry VIII and it continues to be one of the titles of the English Monarch.
497-What is the meaning of Deism?
A: Deism is like Theism in that it refers to the belief in God. Deism came to be associated with a belief in Natural Religion. Deists often were those who believed that God wound up the world like a clock and set in motion the natural laws but God does not intervene to contradict the natural laws. Many of the early American Revolution leaders, like Thomas Jefferson and even George Washington were thought to be those who were Deists.
498-What does "Deo gratias" mean?
A: Thanks be to God in Latin, which is response to the reading of Scripture and the dismissal.
499-What does De Profundis mean?
A: It means "out of the depths" in Latin and refers to Psalm 130 which begins in Latin with "De profundis."
500-What does the Ascent of Christ into Hell mean?
A: It is a belief that in his death Jesus traveled to the afterlife where souls waited to hear the Gospel.
A: This was a reform movement within the Roman Catholic Church at about the same time as the Protestant Reformation and dealt with abuses in the church. The reforms of the Counter Reformation were defined in the Council of Trent in 1562-1563.
467-What is a covenant and how is the notion of covenant significant in biblical faith?
A: Covenant expresses a bond and relationship with God based upon understanding the requirements that God makes upon humanity and the vows of loyalty within the relationship between God and humanity. Covenant is another name for Testament as in Old Testament and New Testament.
468-Who was Thomas Cranmer and why is he important in Anglican history?
A: Thomas Cranmer was a priest who was selected by King Henry VIII to be Archbishop of Canterbury. He issued annulments for King Henry's marriages. He is responsible for editing and writing the First Book of Common Prayer. When Mary Tudor ascended the throne, he was arrested and eventually burned at the stake in 1556.
469-What does creation mean?
A: Creation is the belief that this universe in some way was brought into being by God. The creation story is found in the first chapters of the Book of Genesis.
470-What is a credence table?
A: A small table near the altar to hold the bread, wine, lavabo bowl and other accessories for Holy Eucharist.
471-What is a Creed?
A: A creed is a statement of Christian belief, a summary of the main points of Christian doctrine. The Episcopal Church uses the Apostles' Creed and the Nicene Creed.
472-What is the meaning of cremation?
A: Cremation is the respectful deposition of the body of a dead person by reducing it to ashes. At times some churches have forbidden the practice of cremation because of belief in the resurrection of the body. The Episcopal Church permits cremation as a mode of deposing a person's body after death.
473-Who is Oliver Cromwell and what is his significance in Anglican history?
A: He was a Member of Parliament who led a Civil War against the monarchy. He signed the death warrant for Charles I. He was made the Lord Protectorate and he significantly remodeled the Church of England along Puritan Lines.
474-What is a crosier?
A: It is a crook-shape staff carried by a bishop and a symbol of the bishop's role as chief shepherd.
475-What is a crucifix?
A: A crucifix is a cross which bears the image of the body of the crucified Jesus.
476-What is crucifixion?
A: This refers to a method of capital punishment practiced by the Romans. It was done as public spectacle to discourage any rebellion or insurrection against the Roman authorities.
477-What are cruets?
A: Cruets are vessels of glass or metal used to hold wine and water for the Eucharist.
478-What were the Crusades?
A: These were series of military adventures by Christians undertaken to recover the Holy Lands from the control of the Muslims. They took place at various times from the 11th through the 13th centuries. Those who carried out the Crusades often lost the original purpose. Crusade is used as a word today to speak of an expedition given blessing by church officials. Crusades were the Christian version of "holy wars" which is why it is an offensive term today for Muslims.
479-What is a Crypt?
A: It is a burial vault beneath a church.
480-What is the curia?
A: It is the papal court; those who function to carry out the tasks of the Vatican for the Roman Catholic Church.
481-What is a Customary?
A: It is a document which lists the local requirements, standards or preferences of a bishop or ecclesiastical body.
482-What is Cyrillic and how is it connected to a Saint of the Church?
A: Cyrillic is the alphabet of the Slavonic peoples of the Eastern Orthodox Church. It derived from St. Cyril who along with St. Methodius was an Apostles of the Slavic peoples.
483-What is a Dalmatic?
A: A dalmatic is a tunic of the color of the season or feast, which is worn by a deacon over the alb for the Eucharist.
484-What is the significance of the ancient city of Damascus?
A: It was the ancient capital of Syria. It was the place Saul of Tarsus was traveling to when he had his amazing conversion experience.
485-What was the prophet Daniel known for?
A: He could interpret dreams; he had visions about what was going to happen and he was thrown into a lion's den but he survived.
486-What was Dante known for?
A: He was an Italian poet who wrote an epic poem The Divine Comedy, tracing the journey of the soul through life and the afterlife.
487-What is the period of history called "The Dark Ages?"
A: It is the period beginning in the 5th century until the 11 century, the time of the decay of classical culture until the time of the Renaissance.
488-What is Darwinism?
A: It is another name for the theory of evolution which was put forward by Charles Darwin.
489-Who was the idealized model King for the notion of the Messiah?
A: King David
490-What is a deaconess?
A: Deaconesses were women in the early church who had specific ministries of service. In the Episcopal Church women can be ordained as deacons and the deaconess designation is obsolete.
491-Why did and do Christians say prayers for the Dead?
A: Because the belief in the resurrection means that there is still progression in faith made in the afterlife and just as we pray for the betterment of the living, we continue to do so after they die. Beliefs about a journey in the afterlife centered on what was called Purgatory or the progression of those who had not attained a more perfect relationship with God.
492-Where is the Dead Sea?
A: it is an inland sea to the South East of Palestine. It is the lowest lake below sea level and the River Jordan flows into it. It is not mentioned in the New Testament.
493-What are the Dead Sea Scrolls?
A: These are scrolls found in cave near the Dead Sea. They come from the century before Christ and were placed there by a religious community. The collection include the Books of the Old Testament, some commentaries on the Hebrew Scriptures and writings about the practices and beliefs of the religious community who placed them in the caves to preserve them. The scrolls were discovered from 1947-1956 and were written in Hebrew and Aramaic.
494-What is a Decade in the practice of prayer?
A: A decade is a group of ten bead on a Rosary.
495-What is the Jewish Feast of Dedication?
A: It began in 165 B.C.E. to commemorate the purification of the Temple. It was an eight day feast and is celebrated by lighting a lamp called a menorah. It is also called the Feast of Lights, or Hanukkah.
496-Who has the title "Fidei Defensor," what does it mean and who received it in the English church?
A: It means Defender of the Faith and it was given by Pope Leo X to Henry VIII and it continues to be one of the titles of the English Monarch.
497-What is the meaning of Deism?
A: Deism is like Theism in that it refers to the belief in God. Deism came to be associated with a belief in Natural Religion. Deists often were those who believed that God wound up the world like a clock and set in motion the natural laws but God does not intervene to contradict the natural laws. Many of the early American Revolution leaders, like Thomas Jefferson and even George Washington were thought to be those who were Deists.
498-What does "Deo gratias" mean?
A: Thanks be to God in Latin, which is response to the reading of Scripture and the dismissal.
499-What does De Profundis mean?
A: It means "out of the depths" in Latin and refers to Psalm 130 which begins in Latin with "De profundis."
500-What does the Ascent of Christ into Hell mean?
A: It is a belief that in his death Jesus traveled to the afterlife where souls waited to hear the Gospel.
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